The impact of sex on the immune system explored at the single-cell level

Yazar et al. characterized sex-based immune differences at single-cell resolution using sex-differential expression (differentially expressed genes [DEGs]) and sex-stratified expression quantitative loci (eQTLs). They identified sex-biased genes and pathways, including those previously linked to autoimmune diseases, suggesting that baseline sexual dimorphism in the immune system provides a molecular foundation for sex-specific disease susceptibility.